Timeline Before 1500 49 1500 to 1699 30 1700s 50 1800 to 1849 69 1850 to 1899 173 Leech barometer George Merryweather · 1850 Great Exhibition gold obelisk Great Exhibition displays, Crystal Palace · 1851 Farr circular mortality diagram William Farr · 1852 Lines of force diagram Michael Faraday · 1852 Schleicher Stammbaum August Schleicher · 1853 Organizational chart Daniel Craig McCallum (concept); George Holt Henshaw (drafted) · 1854-1855 Planimeter Jacob Amsler · 1854 Maxwell colour triangle James Clerk Maxwell · 1855-1860 Snow walking-distance boundary John Snow · 1855 Lissajous figure Jules Antoine Lissajous (Nathaniel Bowditch, 1815) · 1857 Phonautograph trace Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville · 1857 Couper structural formulae Archibald Scott Couper · 1858 Pie charts on a map Charles Joseph Minard · 1858 Polar area diagram (coxcomb) Florence Nightingale · 1858 Baseball box score Henry Chadwick · 1859 Sphygmogram Étienne-Jules Marey · 1859 Tissot indicatrix Nicolas Auguste Tissot · 1859 Isobar map Edme Hippolyte Marie-Davy; Robert FitzRoy · 1860s Shear and bending-moment diagram Out of the Culmann and Mohr graphic-statics tradition · 1860s Kekulé sausage formulae Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz · 1861 Loschmidt circle formulae Johann Josef Loschmidt · 1861 Zsigmondy-Palmer dental grid Adolf Zsigmondy; modified by Corydon Palmer · 1861 Jevons logarithmic price chart William Stanley Jevons · 1862-1863 Telluric screw (vis tellurique) A.-E. B. de Chancourtois · 1862 Meteorographica multivariate weather sheet Francis Galton · 1863 Semi-logarithmic (ratio) chart William Stanley Jevons; codified by Irving Fisher · 1863 Crum Brown graphic formulae Alexander Crum Brown · 1864 Maxwell-Cremona reciprocal diagram J.C. Maxwell; Luigi Cremona · 1864/1872 Croquet-ball molecular models August Wilhelm Hofmann · 1865 Law of octaves table John Alexander Reina Newlands · 1865 Culmann earth-pressure construction Karl Culmann · 1866 Der Kern des Querschnitts, with the Centralellipse Karl Culmann · 1866 Dewar brass strip molecular models James Dewar · 1866 Doppeltes Seilpolygon (two funicular polygons with two pole distances) Karl Culmann · 1866 Graphical statics (force and funicular polygons) Karl Culmann · 1866 Haeckel phylogenetic tree Ernst Haeckel · 1866 Kundt's tube August Kundt · 1866 Stress trajectory diagram Karl Culmann (drawn); James Clerk Maxwell (photoelastic) · 1866 Hinrichs spiral periodic system Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs · 1867 Influence line Emil Winkler and Christian Otto Mohr (independently) · 1867-1868 Lill's method Eduard Lill · 1867 Visible Speech notation Alexander Melville Bell · 1867 Clinical temperature chart Carl Wunderlich · 1868 Knapp's translated generating-curve construction Georg Friedrich Knapp · 1868 Levasseur area cartogram Pierre Émile Levasseur · 1868-1875 Andrews carbon dioxide isotherms Thomas Andrews · 1869 Mendeleev periodic table Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev · 1869 Zeuner three-dimensional frequency surface Gustav Zeuner · 1869 Atomic-volume curve Lothar Meyer · 1870 Baumhauer spiral periodic system Heinrich Adolph Baumhauer · 1870 Electoral map Leon Montigny · 1870 Mass-haul (Brückner) diagram Brückner (attrib.) · 1870s S-N (Wohler) curve August Wöhler · 1870 Structure contour map Benjamin Smith Lyman · 1870 Adams Synchronological Chart Sebastian Cabot Adams · 1871 Kinship diagram Lewis Henry Morgan (1871); William Halse Rivers Rivers (1910) · 1871-1910 Tide-predicting machine William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) · 1872 Wave model (Wellentheorie) Johannes Schmidt · 1872 Gibbs thermodynamic surface Josiah Willard Gibbs · 1873 Reciprocal diagram of forces with Bow's notation Robert H. Bow (space lettering and practical drawing), after J. C. Maxwell's reciprocal figures · 1873 Semi-graphic table Toussaint Loua · 1873 Area-proportional nested population square with external companion Francis A. Walker · 1874 Becker's time-and-moment-of-birth diagram Karl Becker · 1874 Cayley isomer tree Arthur Cayley · 1874 Maxwell thermodynamic surface model James Clerk Maxwell, after James Thomson · 1874 Population contour (isopleth) map Louis-Leger Vauthier · 1874 Walker's population pyramid Frederick H. Wines, in Walker's Statistical Atlas · 1874 Galton ogive Francis Galton · 1875 Lexis diagram Wilhelm Lexis · 1875 Newspaper weather map Francis Galton (The Times) · 1875 Thurston glyptic model Robert Henry Thurston · 1875 Van 't Hoff paper molecular models Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff · 1875 Gibbs triangle (ternary diagram) J. Willard Gibbs · 1876 Harmonic analyser William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) · 1876 Isogloss dialect map Georg Wenker; Jules Gilliéron · 1876+ Radar (star) diagram Georg von Mayr · 1877 Reed-Kellogg sentence diagram Reed & Kellogg · 1877 Von Mayr rectangular (proto-mosaic) diagrams Georg von Mayr · 1877 Williot (Williot-Mohr) displacement diagram Victor Williot · 1877 Cell lineage tree Charles Otis Whitman · 1878 Composite portraiture Francis Galton · 1878 Cylindrical (helical) slide rule George Fuller · 1878 Dühring plot Karl Eugen Dühring · 1878 Integraph Bruno Abdank-Abakanowicz · 1878 Massau graphical integration Junius Massau · 1878-1884 Muybridge motion sequence Eadweard Muybridge · 1878 Sylvester chemical graph James Joseph Sylvester · 1878 Begriffsschrift notation Gottlob Frege · 1879 Cheysson album diagrams Émile Cheysson · 1879-1900 Block diagram William Morris Davis (technique); Armin Kohl Lobeck (codified) · 1880s-1924 Food web diagram Lorenzo Camerano (1880); Victor Summerhayes and Charles Elton (1923) · 1880-1923 Galton number form Francis Galton · 1880-1881 Mathematical plaster model Felix Klein's Goettingen school; models by Adolf Weiler and others · 1880 Message stick Aboriginal Australian peoples, many language groups · pre-contact; documented from 1880s Perozzo stereogram Luigi Perozzo · 1880 Point-and-figure chart Tape readers; de Villiers 1933 · 1880s-1933 Venn diagram John Venn · 1880 Winogradsky column Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky · 1880 Edgeworth box Francis Ysidro Edgeworth; boxed form from Pareto and Bowley · 1881 Isochronic passage chart Francis Galton · 1881 Marquand diagram Allan Marquand · 1881 Phase portrait and direction field Henri Poincaré · 1881 Thacher's calculating instrument Edwin Thacher · 1881 Bayley pyramid periodic table Thomas Bayley · 1882 Geometric chronophotography Étienne-Jules Marey · 1882-1890s Mohr's circle Otto Mohr · 1882 Three-circle Mohr diagram Christian Otto Mohr · 1882 Piano roll Emil Welte · 1883 Pilot-chart wind rose US Navy Hydrographic Office · 1883 Polar deviation ring Ministère des Travaux Publics, Direction des Cartes et Plans (Album de statistique graphique, directed by Émile Cheysson) · 1883 Rippl mass curve Wenzel Rippl · 1883 Scribner Statistical Atlas of the United States Fletcher Willis Hewes and Henry Gannett · 1883 Alignment nomogram (alignment chart) Maurice d'Ocagne · 1884-1899 Concurrent-scale nomogram Maurice d'Ocagne · 1884-1899 Curved-scale nomogram Maurice d'Ocagne · 1884-1899 Emagram After Hertz; named by Refsdal · 1884-1930 Hertz thermodynamic diagram for aerology Heinrich Hertz · 1884 N chart (Z chart nomogram) Maurice d'Ocagne · 1884 Parallel-scale nomogram (three parallel scales) Maurice d'Ocagne · 1884 Van 't Hoff plot Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff · 1884 Abaque hexagonal à échelles multiples Charles Lallemand (reported and systematised by Maurice d'Ocagne) · 1885 Ammassalik wooden coastal maps Kunit, Ammassalik Inuit maker · 1885 Hexagonal chart (abaque hexagonal) Charles Lallemand · 1885 Nomogramme à index en équerre Junius Massau (square index for the complete cubic, simplified by Maurice d'Ocagne); related square-index charts by R. Soreau and the Siegler profilomètre · c.1885 Parallel coordinates Maurice d'Ocagne; Alfred Inselberg · 1885/1985 Standard-gauge historical-curve atlas Alfred Marshall · 1885 Transparency-overlay nomogram Charles Lallemand; Maurice d'Ocagne · 1885-1920 Carroll diagram Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) · 1886-1896 Galton's bivariate isolines Francis Galton · 1886 Marey movement sculpture Etienne-Jules Marey · 1887 Crookes lemniscate periodic system William Crookes · 1888 Hypsographic curve John Murray (1888); Erwin Kossinna (modern form) · 1888-1933 Radial anamorphosis of travel time Ministère des Travaux Publics (Album de statistique graphique, directed by Émile Cheysson) · 1888 Velocity and acceleration polygon Ludwig Burmester · 1888 Zeuner / Reuleaux valve diagram (Das Diagramm von Reuleaux) Franz Reuleaux (this diagram), presented by Gustav Zeuner beside his own polar diagram · 1888 Arrhenius plot Svante Arrhenius · 1889 Booth poverty map Charles Booth · 1889 Hanging chain model Antoni Gaudi · 1889 Lilienthal polar diagram Otto Lilienthal · 1889 Schemes of distribution drawn in opposed directions Francis Galton · 1889 Polynesian genealogical instrument Marquesas Islands makers · 1890 Stage-discharge rating curve USGS stream-gauging practice; no single originator · 1890s Droites à doubles enveloppes Père Poulain (principle, letter to d'Ocagne of 16 October 1891); B. Paladini (contact-trajectory example on an equation of Pesci, Rivista marittima, March 1898); systematised by Maurice d'Ocagne · 1891-98 Fischer projection Hermann Emil Fischer · 1891 Genaille-Lucas rulers Henri Genaille and Édouard Lucas · 1891 Three-variable rectangle glyph Jacques Bertillon, Service de la Statistique Municipale de Paris · 1891 Outlook Tower regional survey Patrick Geddes · 1892 Stepanov dance notation Vladimir Ivanovich Stepanov · 1892 Dermatome map Henry Head; Otfrid Foerster; Jay Keegan and Frederic Garrett · 1893-1948 Football play diagram Amos Alonzo Stagg and Henry Lawrence Williams · 1893 Galton board Francis Galton · 1893 Phasor diagram Charles Proteus Steinmetz · 1893 Anaesthesia record (ether chart) Harvey Cushing; Ernest Codman · 1894 Heyland circle diagram Alexander Heinrich Heyland · 1894 Roozeboom ternary phase diagram Hendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom · 1894 Hasse diagram Henri Gustave Vogt (earliest documented); Helmut Hasse (namesake) · 1895-1930s Hull-House nationality and wage maps Florence Kelley and the Hull-House residents · 1895 Bivariate map Jacques Bertillon · 1896 Existential graphs Charles Sanders Peirce · 1896 Harmonogram Karol Adamiecki · 1896 Mechanical teaching map James Ives · 1896 Nomogrammes à cercles concourants Maurice d'Ocagne (general theory, paper of 1896); an earlier labelled-circle chart by Captain Ricour (1873) · 1896 Diagramme planétaire Émile Cheysson, Ministère des Travaux publics (Album de statistique graphique) · 1897 Iron-carbon phase diagram William Chandler Roberts-Austen (1897); Hendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom (1900) · 1897-1900 Seismic travel-time curve Richard Dixon Oldham (empirical); Karl Zoeppritz (theoretical) · 1897-1907 Crookes vis generatrix model William Crookes, built by Gardiner · 1898 Kardex visible record system James H. Rand Sr. (visible index); James Rand Jr. (Kardex brand) · 1898-1915 Rank charts of states Henry Gannett · 1898 Sankey diagram Matthew Henry Phineas Riall Sankey · 1898 Compound nomogram with pivot line Maurice d'Ocagne; Joseph Lipka · 1899-1930 Goodman-Haigh constant-life diagram John Goodman (1899); Bernard Parker Haigh (1917) · 1899-1917 Marshall Islands stick chart Marshallese navigators · pre-1900 Pressure-volume loop Otto Frank · 1899 1900 to 1949 289 Bubble (adjacency) diagram Architectural programming practice; no single originator · 1900s Chemograph Hydrochemistry practice; no single originator · 1900s Circular nomogram Maurice d'Ocagne (type); various · 1900-1930 Compressor map Turbomachinery testing practice; no single originator · 1900s Cricket linear scoring John Atkinson Pendlington; developed by Bill Ferguson and Bill Frindall · 1900s Cricket wagon wheel Cricket scoring practice; no single originator · 1900s Crum Brown mathematical surface Alexander Crum Brown · 1900 Defect concentration diagram Quality engineering practice; no single originator · 1900s Du Bois spiral bar chart W.E.B. Du Bois and students · 1900 Fence (panel) diagram Subsurface geology practice; no single originator · 1900s Flow-duration curve US hydrologic practice; no single originator · 1900s Hyetograph Hydrologic practice; no single originator · 1900s Isometric graph paper Various, after Farish · 1900s Kite diagram Field ecology practice · 20th c. Linear responsibility chart No single originator documented · 20th century Load-duration curve Electric utility planning practice; no single originator · 1900s Milestone chart No single originator documented · 20th century Neuhoff pseudo-adiabatic chart Otto Neuhoff · 1900 Payload-range diagram Commercial aviation performance practice; no single originator · 1900s Pearson-Lee bivariate histogram model Karl Pearson and Alice Lee · 1900 Pedigree chart Medical genetics practice; no single originator · 1900s Peg-and-string scheduling board No originator documented; factory production control · 20th century Pie hydrochemical diagram Hydrogeology practice; no single originator · 1900s Pump and system head curve Hydraulic engineering practice; no single originator · 1900s Reciprocal (1/x) graph paper Various · 1900s Seismic record section Exploration seismology practice; no single originator · 1900s Seyler coal classification chart Clarence Arthur Seyler · 1900 Spaghetti diagram No single inventor documented; industrial engineering practice · 20th century Station model International meteorological practice · 1900s-1920s Sun-path diagram Various; popularised by Victor Olgyay · 1900s Turbine hill chart Hydraulic turbine testing practice; no single originator · 1900s Waterfall (bridge) chart No originator documented; popularised by McKinsey and Company · 20th century Wind barb International meteorological practice · 1900s Yamazumi chart Toyota Production System; no individual originator documented · 20th century Davenport physical distribution Charles Benedict Davenport · 1901 Soreau classification of nomogram genera Rodolphe Soreau · 1901 Stereonet (Wulff and Schmidt nets) G. Wulff; W. Schmidt · 1902/1925 Crossover (break-even) chart Henry Hess · 1903 Butterfly diagram E. Walter Maunder · 1904 Mollier enthalpy-entropy (h-s) chart Richard Mollier · 1904 Pressure-enthalpy (log p-h) chart Richard Mollier (family); refrigeration practice · 1904-1930s Psychrometric chart Willis Carrier (h-x version: Mollier 1923) · 1904/1911 Lorenz curve Max Otto Lorenz · 1905 Munsell colour system Albert Henry Munsell · 1905-1915 Punnett square Reginald Crundall Punnett · 1905-1906 Raunkiær life-form spectrum Christen Christiansen Raunkiær · 1905 Rubens tube Heinrich Rubens · 1905 Tafel plot Julius Tafel · 1905 Jänecke projection Erich Jänecke · 1906 Minkowski space-time diagram Hermann Minkowski · 1908 Brodmann cytoarchitectonic map Korbinian Brodmann · 1909 Harker variation diagram Alfred Harker · 1909 Pearson beta1-beta2 chart Charles Rhind (chart form); Karl Pearson (adopted) · 1909-1916 Weber location triangle Alfred Weber · 1909 Gantt chart family (progress, load, man and machine records) Henry L. Gantt · 1910s Hill plot Archibald Vivian Hill · 1910 Isobaric-isosteric unit-tubes (solenoid count) V. Bjerknes and J. W. Sandstrom · 1910 Apportionment cartogram US House apportionment publications · 1911 Balance (counter-poise) chart Irving Fisher; two-factor elaboration by Karsten 1923 · 1911 Dasymetric map Benjamin Semyonov-Tian-Shansky (term); John Kirtland Wright (Western practice) · 1911-1936 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram Hertzsprung; Russell · 1911/1913 Thiessen polygons A.H. Thiessen · 1911 Two-handed process chart Frank Bunker Gilbreth and Lillian Moller Gilbreth · 1911-1921 Varve diagram Gerard Jacob De Geer · 1912 Cyclegraph / chronocyclegraph Frank & Lillian Gilbreth · 1913-1917 Genetic linkage map Alfred Henry Sturtevant · 1913 Moseley plot Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley · 1913 Regression on grades drawn under two interval assumptions Karl Pearson and David Heron · 1913 Streetcar load model Frankfurt transit exhibit, Leipzig building trade exhibition · 1913 Wigmore chart John H. Wigmore · 1913 Bead map American sales and statistical practice; described by Brinton and Karsten · 1914-1923 Bjerrum / Sillén log C-pH diagram Niels Bjerrum; L.G. Sillén · 1914/1959 Hazen probability paper Allen Hazen · 1914 Lag determination by superimposed tracings Willard C. Brinton (given as working practice) · 1914 Normal probability paper Allen Hazen · 1914 Routing string map American sales practice; described by Brinton and Karsten · 1914-1923 Slotted interlocking-card surface model E. S. Farwell (data), via the American Machinist; described by Willard C. Brinton · by 1914 Solid plaster surface model Described by Willard Cope Brinton · 1914 Stanton diagram Thomas Edward Stanton and John Ransome Pannell · 1914 ACF and AKF diagrams Pentti Eelis Eskola · 1915 Climograph (hythergraph) Griffith Taylor · 1915-1916 Graphical string-lining chart H. M. Church, Division Engineer, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, Baltimore · 1915 Tephigram Napier Shaw · 1915 Wiggers diagram Carl J. Wiggers · 1915 Wire motion-path model Frank Bunker Gilbreth · 1915 Du Bois body surface area nomogram Delafield Du Bois and Eugene Floyd Du Bois · 1916 Lewis dot structure Gilbert Newton Lewis · 1916 Ostwald colour solid Wilhelm Ostwald · 1916 Pollen diagram Lennart von Post · 1916 T-S (temperature-salinity) diagram Bjørn Helland-Hansen · 1916 Cardinal vowel quadrilateral Daniel Jones · 1917 Man and machine record chart Henry Laurence Gantt · 1917-1922 Transformation grids D'Arcy W. Thompson · 1917 Material control board Gantt-school production control practice · 1918-1939 Phenological isochrone map Andrew Delmar Hopkins · 1918 Bergen frontal symbols Jacob Bjerknes and the Bergen School · 1919 Du Pont formula chart Du Pont (F.D. Brown) · 1919 Harvard ABC business barometer Warren Milton Persons, Harvard Economic Service · 1919 Life chart Adolf Meyer · 1919 Skeleton plot (dendrochronology) A.E. Douglass · 1919 Stern-Volmer plot Otto Stern and Max Volmer · 1919 Gann fan and square of nine William Delbert Gann · 1920s-1930s Isopach map American petroleum geology practice; no single originator · 1920s Signal progression time-space diagram US urban traffic signal practice; no single originator · 1920s Vectorcardiogram Hubert Mann (1920 concept); Ernest Frank (1956 lead system) · 1920-1956 Cumulative interval blocks with a within-interval diagonal Robert E. Chaddock · 1921 Flow process chart Frank & Lillian Gilbreth · 1921 Flowchart Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (process chart, 1921); Herman Goldstine and John von Neumann (computing, 1947) · 1921-1947 Ponchon-Savarit diagram Marcel Ponchon (1921) and Raoul Savarit (1922) · 1921-1922 SIMO chart Frank Bunker Gilbreth and Lillian Moller Gilbreth · 1921 Species-area curve Olof Arrhenius · 1921 Audiogram Western Electric (1-A audiometer); Harvey Fletcher · 1922 Axonometric chart John B. Peddle; described by Karsten · 1923 Box (classification) chart Karsten (naming); business practice · 1923 Clock chart Karsten (naming); American business practice · 1923 Collins bar diagram W.D. Collins · 1923 Cox chart Edwin Richard Cox · 1923 Cyclograph (circular chart recorder) Instrument practice; described by Karsten · 1923 Factorial 100% triangle Karl G. Karsten (proposed: 'apparently never been used', p. 593) · 1923 Focal mechanism (beachball) diagram Hidezo Nakano (method); Perry Byerly (teleseismic solutions) · 1923-1928 Karsten population-projection cartogram Karl G. Karsten · 1923 Logarithmic retrospect chart Karl G. Karsten · 1923 Motion-picture chart American statistical practice; described by Karsten · 1923 Orthographic chart Karsten (naming); statistical practice · 1923 Planetary chart Karsten (naming); business practice · 1923 Silhouette bar-chart Karl G. Karsten (name and account); his examples draw on the Survey of Current Business, and one is credited to Carl Snyder · 1923 Sky-line chart Karsten (naming); American statistical practice · 1923 Staircased band chart Karsten (naming); American statistical practice · 1923 Stick (tree) map American sales practice; described by Karsten · 1923 Tree chart (classification tree) Karsten (naming); business practice · 1923 Volumetric chart (solid model) Statistical model-making practice; described by Karsten · 1923 Zone curve Karsten (naming); American statistical practice · 1923 Brønsted catalysis plot Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Kai Julius Pedersen · 1924 Partial residual plot Mordecai Joseph Brill Ezekiel · 1924 Schmidt graphical method for transient conduction Ernst Schmidt · 1924 Shewhart control chart Walter Andrew Shewhart · 1924-1931 Concentric zone model Ernest Watson Burgess · 1925 Isotype pictorial statistics Otto & Marie Neurath, Gerd Arntz · 1925+ McCabe-Thiele diagram McCabe & Thiele · 1925 Z chart (zee chart) No single inventor documented; described by Karsten · 1925 De Finetti diagram Bruno de Finetti · 1926 Karsten tridimensional chart Karl G. Karsten · 1926 Thorndike chart Frances Thorndike · 1926 Ecological pyramid Charles Elton · 1927 Electrical well log Conrad Schlumberger, Marcel Schlumberger and Henri-Georges Doll · 1927 Stüve diagram (pseudo-adiabatic chart) Georg Stüve · 1927 Fowler-Nordheim plot Ralph Howard Fowler and Lothar Wolfgang Nordheim · 1928 Grotrian diagram Walter Grotrian · 1928 Henderson blood nomogram Lawrence Joseph Henderson · 1928 Isobologram Siegfried Loewe · 1928 Janet left-step periodic table Charles Janet · 1928 Job plot (continuous variation) Paul Job · 1928 Labanotation Rudolf Laban · 1928 Fate map Walther Vogt · 1929 Haworth projection Walter Norman Haworth · 1929 Hubble diagram Edwin Hubble · 1929 Operating characteristic (OC) curve Harold Dodge and Harry Romig · 1929-1944 Ballistic computing cam Naval fire-control engineering · 1930 Cobweb model of price adjustment Henry Schultz, Umberto Ricci and Jan Tinbergen independently; named by Nicholas Kaldor · 1930-1938 Double-mass curve US hydrologic practice; standardised by James Searcy and Clayton Hardison · 1930s-1960 Evans corrosion diagram Ulick Richardson Evans · 1930s Flow net Philipp Forchheimer (concept); Arthur Casagrande (construction rules) · 1930-1937 TTT (time-temperature-transformation) diagram Edgar Collins Bain and Edmund S. Davenport · 1930 V-n diagram (flight envelope) Airworthiness regulation practice; no single originator · 1930s-1940s CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, from Wright and Guild experiments · 1931 Histomap John B. Sparks · 1931 Intensity-duration-frequency curves Charles W. Sherman · 1931 Kubelka-Munk plot Paul Kubelka and Franz Munk · 1931 Log-square paper F. C. Martin and Dickson H. Leavens · 1931 Multiple-axis graph Described by Brinton after Brown, Bingham and Trueblood · 1931-1939 Physiographic diagram Erwin Josephus Raisz · 1931 Adaptive landscape Sewall Wright · 1932 Allometric plot Julian Sorell Huxley · 1932 Concentric-occupation symbol with over/under chronology Charles O. Paullin (Carnegie Institution of Washington and American Geographical Society of New York) · 1932 Hanes-Woolf plot Charles Samuel Hanes (equation); Barnet Woolf (plot form) · 1932 Kleiber metabolic scaling curve Max Kleiber · 1932 Maucha star diagram Rezső Maucha · 1932 Muller plot Hermann Joseph Muller · 1932 Nyquist plot Harry Nyquist (Felix Strecker independently, 1930) · 1932 Rossby diagram C.-G. Rossby · 1932 Schenkerian graph Heinrich Schenker · 1932-1935 Unit hydrograph L.K. Sherman · 1932 Central place hexagons Walter Christaller · 1933 Diagrammatic transit map Harry Beck · 1933 Forest profile diagram Thomas Albert Warren Davis and Paul Westmacott Richards · 1933 Jablonski diagram Aleksander Jabłoński · 1933/1935 Rosin-Rammler paper Paul Rosin and Erich Rammler · 1933 Wadati diagram Kiyoo Wadati · 1933 Clopper-Pearson confidence belts Clopper & Pearson · 1934 Corporate relief globe Ford Motor Company, Chicago World's Fair · 1934 Hunter-Nash method Thomas Graham Hunter and Arthur William Nash · 1934 Lineweaver-Burk double-reciprocal plot Lineweaver & Burk · 1934 Planetarium lunar surface model Roger Hayward for the Griffith Observatory · 1934 Probit plot Chester Ittner Bliss · 1934 Rectangular statistical cartogram Erwin Raisz · 1934 Sociogram Jacob L. Moreno · 1934 Aerogram (Refsdal diagram) Aksel Refsdal · 1935 CCT (continuous cooling transformation) diagram Developed from Erich Scheil's additivity rule; no single originator · 1935-1940s Darrow-Yannet diagram Daniel Cady Darrow and Herbert Yannet · 1935 Eyring plot Henry Eyring (with Evans and Polanyi independently) · 1935 Hjulström curve Filip Hjulström · 1935 Power-demand relief model Detroit Edison Company · 1935 Traffic fundamental diagram Bruce Douglas Greenshields · 1935 Hubble tuning-fork diagram Edwin Hubble (diagram form suggested by James Jeans) · 1936 Learning (experience) curve Theodore Paul Wright · 1936 Life space diagram Kurt Lewin · 1936 Radial price-zone disc Arthur R. Burns (source: Federal Trade Commission, Price Bases Inquiry) · 1936 Shields diagram Albert Frank Shields · 1936 Cortical homunculus Wilder Penfield · 1937 E6B wind triangle computer Philip Dalton · 1937 Hammett plot Louis Hammett · 1937 Identified units under a middle-half band Works Progress Administration, Division of Social Research · 1937 String diagram (method study) No single originator documented; motion-study tradition · 1937 Bode plot Hendrik Wade Bode · 1938-1945 Elliott wave diagram Ralph Nelson Elliott · 1938 Latimer diagram Wendell Mitchell Latimer · 1938 Pourbaix (potential-pH) diagram Marcel Pourbaix · 1938 Predominance-area diagram Marcel Pourbaix and successors · 1938-1945 USDA soil texture triangle United States Department of Agriculture · 1938 100% square (area bar chart) Brinton (naming); American statistical practice · 1939 AFM diagram Lawrence Rickard Wager and William Alexander Deer · 1939 Bartels musical diagram Julius Bartels (with N. H. Heck and H. F. Johnston) · 1939 Guinier plot André Guinier · 1939 Hoyt sector model Homer Hoyt · 1939 IBM Cosmograph International Business Machines · by 1939 Maneuvering board US Navy · WWII era Nested-zone dot circles Travelers Insurance Co., Hartford · by 1939 Orange-peel (gore) map Brinton (naming); globe-making practice · 1939 Ship-model trade map British pavilion, New York World's Fair · 1939 Smith chart Phillip H. Smith · 1939 Statistical relief map American statistical practice; described by Brinton · 1939 Storm track map Insurance and weather-service practice; reproduced by Brinton · 1939 Trait-tracing chart Genetics and eugenics practice; described by Brinton · 1939 Depth-area-duration curves US Weather Bureau and Corps of Engineers practice; no single originator · 1940s Dowding system plotting table Hugh Dowding with Henry Tizard and Patrick Blackett · 1940 Eye diagram Telecommunications practice, Bell Laboratories; no single originator · 1940s Hill trilinear water diagram Raymond Allan Hill · 1940 Othmer plot Donald Frederick Othmer · 1940s Stedman three-dimensional periodic table Donald Stedman, National Research Council of Canada · 1940s Target sociogram Mary Northway · 1940 Cole-Cole plot Kenneth Stewart Cole and Robert Hugh Cole · 1941 Gumbel probability paper Emil Julius Gumbel · 1941 Line of balance Goodyear; US Navy · 1941/1962 Pareto chart Joseph Moses Juran · 1941-1951 The Wetzel Grid Norman C. Wetzel · 1941 Traffic flow profile relief map US Public Roads Administration · 1941 Eadie-Hofstee plot George Sharp Eadie (1942); Barend Hofstee (1959) · 1942-1959 Gamblegram James L. Gamble · 1942 Trophic-dynamic diagram Raymond Laurel Lindeman · 1942 Dymaxion map and folding globe Richard Buckminster Fuller · 1943 Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram Kaoru Ishikawa · 1943 MMPI profile sheet Starke Rosecrans Hathaway and John Charnley McKinley · 1943 Thermoisopleth diagram Carl Troll · 1943 Ellingham diagram H.J.T. Ellingham · 1944 Lund-Browder chart Lund & Browder · 1944 Moody diagram Lewis F. Moody · 1944 Piper trilinear diagram Arthur M. Piper · 1944 Scalogram board Louis Guttman; E.A. Suchman · 1944/1950 Actinide-series table Glenn Theodore Seaborg · 1945 Chart of the nuclides (Segrè chart) Emilio Segrè (popularised); Kurt Guggenheimer (1934 form) · 1945 Electron-density contour stack Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin · 1945-1947 Multiple nuclei model Chauncy Dennison Harris and Edward Louis Ullman · 1945 Spindle diagram Alfred S. Romer · 1945 Visual field chart Hans Goldmann · 1945 Wind-chill nomogram Paul Siple and Charles Passel · 1945 Sociomatrix Elaine Forsyth and Leo Katz · 1946 Sound spectrogram Walter Koenig, Harold Dunn and Lawrence Lacy, Bell Telephone Laboratories · 1946 Davenport diagram Horace W. Davenport · 1947 Heisler charts M.P. Heisler · 1947 Holdridge life-zone diagram Leslie Holdridge · 1947 Nichols chart N.B. Nichols · 1947 Rule of nines Pulaski and Tennison (1947); published by Alexander Burns Wallace (1951) · 1947-1951 Skew-T log-P diagram N. Herlofson · 1947 SMB wave forecasting curves Harald Ulrik Sverdrup and Walter Heinrich Munk; revised by Charles Bretschneider (1952) · 1947 Survivorship curve Edward Smith Deevey Jr. · 1947 Durov diagram S.A. Durov · 1948 Loedel diagram Enrique Loedel Palumbo · 1948 Richardson-Jeffes nomographic scales Frederick Denys Richardson and John Henry Eric Jeffes · 1948 Root locus Walter R. Evans · 1948 Zimm plot Bruno Hasbrouck Zimm · 1948 Benesi-Hildebrand plot Harry A. Benesi and Joel Henry Hildebrand · 1949 Binomial probability paper Mosteller & Tukey · 1949 Feynman diagram Richard P. Feynman · 1949 Hovmöller diagram Ernest Hovmöller · 1949 Mississippi River Basin Model US Army Corps of Engineers · 1949 MONIAC hydraulic computer Alban William Housego Phillips · 1949 Pain drawing Harold Palmer · 1949 Scatchard plot George Scatchard · 1949 Schaeffler diagram Anton L. Schaeffler · 1949 1950 and after 195 Andrews pitchfork Alan Hall Andrews, after George Fillmore Swain via Roger Babson · mid-20th century Beardsley argument diagram Monroe Curtis Beardsley · 1950 Carpet plot Aerospace design practice · 1950s Cladogram Willi Hennig · 1950 Decision tree (decision analysis) Operations research practice; no single originator · mid-20th century Double-plotted actogram Chronobiology labs (e.g. Pittendrigh) · 1950s-1960s Electrochemical impedance (Nyquist) plot Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy practice, after Nyquist · 1950s-1970s Graphic score Morton Feldman; John Cage and others · 1950+ Illuminated (Tanaka) contours Kitirô Tanaka · 1950 Kratky plot Otto Kratky with Günther Porod · 1950s Melograph Charles Seeger · 1950s Multi-vari chart Leonard Seder · 1950 Multiple activity chart No single inventor documented; work-study practice · mid-20th century Reliability block diagram US military and aerospace reliability practice; no single originator · 1950s-1960s State transition diagram Automata and control theory practice; no single originator · mid-20th century Van Krevelen diagram D.W. van Krevelen · 1950 Frost diagram Arthur Atwater Frost · 1951 Microtiter plate Gyula Takatsy · 1951 Pearson-Hartley power charts Egon Pearson and Herman Otto Hartley · 1951 Stiff diagram H.A. Stiff Jr. · 1951 Weibull probability paper Waloddi Weibull · 1951 December 1952 Earle Brown · 1952 Formant chart Gordon Edward Peterson and Harold Leonard Barney · 1952 Gran plot Gunnar Gran · 1952 Newman projection Melvin Spencer Newman · 1952 Range bar chart Mary Eleanor Spear · 1952 Synchronoptic world history Arno Peters · 1952 Veitch chart Edward Westbrook Veitch · 1952 Bioclimatic chart Victor Olgyay · 1953/1963 Dalitz plot Richard Dalitz · 1953 Dixon plot Malcolm Dixon · 1953 Karnaugh map Maurice Karnaugh · 1953 Ombrothermic diagram Henri Gaussen and Fernand Bagnouls · 1953-1957 Walsh diagram Arthur Donald Walsh · 1953 Watson-Crick DNA model James Dewey Watson and Francis Harry Compton Crick · 1953 Williamson-Hall plot Gwilym Keith Williamson and William Henry Hall · 1953 Xenakis Metastaseis graph Iannis Xenakis · 1953-1954 Bilateral deviation bar chart No single inventor documented; classified by Calvin F. Schmid · 1954 CUSUM chart with V-mask E.S. Page; G.A. Barnard · 1954/1959 Folk sediment triangle Robert Louis Folk · 1954 Gozinto chart Andrew Vazsonyi · 1954 Partograph E. Friedman; Philpott & Castle · 1954/1972 Pre-control chart Frank Edward Satterthwaite, Rath and Strong · 1954 Range (floating bar) chart No single inventor documented; classified by Calvin F. Schmid · 1954 Shepard sediment triangle Francis Parker Shepard · 1954 Sliding bar chart No single inventor documented; classified by Calvin F. Schmid · 1954 Strata (silhouette) chart No single inventor documented; classified by Calvin F. Schmid · 1954 Tanabe-Sugano diagram Tanabe & Sugano · 1954 Wilcox / US Salinity Lab diagram Richards (USDA Handbook 60); Wilcox · 1954-1955 Benesh Movement Notation Rudolf Benesh and Joan Benesh · 1955 Johari window Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham · 1955 Orgel diagram Leslie Eleazer Orgel · 1955 Repertory grid George Kelly · 1955 Schoeller semi-log diagram Henri Schoeller · 1955 Structure of Intellect cube Joy Paul Guilford · 1955-1956 Thornthwaite water-balance diagram C. W. Thornthwaite and J. R. Mather · 1955 Karyotype ideogram Cytogenetics practice after Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan · 1956-1960s Critical path method network Morgan R. Walker and James E. Kelley Jr. · 1957-1959 Hypnogram William Charles Dement and Nathaniel Kleitman · 1957 Interpersonal circumplex Timothy Leary · 1957 Metroglyphs Edgar Anderson · 1957/1960 Passega C-M diagram Renato Passega · 1957 Phrase structure tree Noam Chomsky · 1957 San Francisco Bay Model US Army Corps of Engineers · 1957 Semantic differential profile Charles Osgood · 1957 Shading mask protractor Victor Olgyay and Aladár Olgyay · 1957 Silver Springs energy-flow diagram Howard Thomas Odum · 1957 Thompson AFM projection James Burleigh Thompson Jr. · 1957 Eshkol-Wachman Movement Notation Noa Eshkol and Avraham Wachman · 1958 PERT network US Navy Special Projects Office with Booz Allen Hamilton and Lockheed · 1958 Toulmin argument model Stephen Edelston Toulmin · 1958 Volumetric temperature-salinity diagram R. B. Montgomery · 1958 Desire line map Chicago Area Transportation Study; no single originator · 1959 EWMA control chart S. W. Roberts · 1959 Half-normal plot Cuthbert Daniel · 1959 Kamb contouring William Barclay Kamb · 1959 Swingometer Peter Milne; refined by David Butler and Robert McKenzie · 1959 Tesnière stemma Lucien Tesnière · 1959 Youden plot W.J. Youden · 1959 Done nomogram Alan Kimball Done · 1960 Forest of rods protein model John Cowdery Kendrew · 1960 Mental-map notation Kevin Lynch · 1960 P-P plot No single documented originator · 1960s-1970s Pollution rose Air pollution meteorology practice · 1960s Porkchop plot JPL mission design practice · 1960s Raster plot and peristimulus time histogram Neurophysiology practice; no single originator · 1960s Three-dimensional spectrogram model Fritz Winckel · 1960 Walter-Lieth climate diagram Walter & Lieth · 1960 Activity relationship chart Richard Muther · 1961 Chew-Frautschi plot Geoffrey F. Chew and Steven C. Frautschi · 1961 From-to chart (cross chart) Richard Muther (standard citation; originator undocumented) · 1961 Globus IMP navigation indicator Soviet spacecraft instrumentation · 1961 Precedence diagram John W. Fondahl · 1961 Serial vision Gordon Cullen · 1961 Thiel space notation Philip Thiel · 1961 Brehme diagram Robert W. Brehme · 1962 Chondrite-normalised REE plot Akimasa Masuda; Charles DuBois Coryell, Jack W. Chase and John W. Winchester · 1962-1963 Fault tree Harold A. Watson, Bell Telephone Laboratories · 1962 MDS perceptual map Roger Newland Shepard (1962); Joseph Bernard Kruskal (1964) · 1962-1964 Petri net Carl Adam Petri · 1962 Cardew Treatise Cornelius Cardew · 1963-1967 Dendrogram Robert Reuven Sokal and Peter Henry Andrews Sneath · 1963 Paleocurrent rose diagram Paul Edwin Potter and Francis John Pettijohn (synthesis) · 1963 Penrose (conformal) diagram Roger Penrose · 1963-1964 Ramachandran plot G.N. Ramachandran · 1963 Siggaard-Andersen alignment nomogram Ole Siggaard-Andersen · 1963 Benfey spiral periodic table Otto Theodor Benfey · 1964 View from the Road notation Donald Appleyard, Kevin Lynch and John Randolph Myer · 1964 Motation Lawrence Halprin · 1965 Rank-abundance plot Robert Harding Whittaker · 1965 Woodward-Hoffmann correlation diagram Robert Burns Woodward and Roald Hoffmann · 1965 Energy-maneuverability diagram John Boyd with Thomas P. Christie · 1966 Larson binomial nomogram Harold J. Larson · 1966 Tauc plot Jan Tauc with Radu Grigorovici and Anina Vancu · 1966 Helical wheel Schiffer & Edmundson · 1967 Reorderable matrix Jacques Bertin · 1967/1977 Ekistic grid Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis · 1968 Graphical rational patterns Roberto Bachi · 1968 Nanosecond wire Grace Brewster Murray Hopper · 1968 Q-Q plot Martin Bradbury Wilk and Ramanathan Gnanadesikan · 1968 Semantic network Matthew Ross Quillian · 1968 Bachman diagram Charles William Bachman · 1969 Coekin polygon display J. A. Coekin · 1969 Givoni building bioclimatic chart Baruch Givoni · 1969 Ichimoku Kinko Hyo Goichi Hosoda (pen name Ichimoku Sanjin) · 1969 Visher grain-size probability plot Glenn Spaulding Visher · 1969 Byron's Bender protein wire model Byron Rubin · 1970 Dot-matrix sequence comparison Gibbs & McIntyre · 1970 Forest plot Gradual; no single documented originator · 1970s-1980s GE-McKinsey nine-box matrix McKinsey and Company for General Electric; no individual documented · 1970s Gibbs water-chemistry diagram Ronald J. Gibbs · 1970 Growth-share matrix Bruce Doolin Henderson; first sketch credited to Alan Zakon · 1970 Layered three-dimensional Sankey diagram Center for Strategic and International Studies · 1970s Multi-element spider diagram Generalised from the REE plot; no single originator · 1970s-1980s Participatory ballot-box bar chart Hans Haacke · 1970 Space-time aquarium Torsten Hägerstrand · 1970 Wehinger listening score Rainer Wehinger · 1970 Biplot Karl Ruben Gabriel · 1971 Energy systems language Howard T. Odum · 1971 Equivolume chart Richard W. Arms Jr. · 1971 Andrews curves David F. Andrews · 1972 Concept map Joseph Donald Novak · 1972 Hazard paper (hazard plotting) Wayne Nelson · 1972 House of quality Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kobe Shipyard; Yoji Akao (QFD) · 1972 Suspended (hanging) rootogram John Wilder Tukey · 1972 Chernoff faces Herman Chernoff · 1973 Correspondence analysis map Jean-Paul Benzecri · 1973 Kiviat graph Philip J. Kiviat; named by Kenneth W. Kolence · 1973 Nassi-Shneiderman diagram Isaac Nassi and Ben Shneiderman · 1973 Pearce-Cann discrimination diagram Julian Andrew Pearce and John Robert Cann · 1973 Direct linear plot Eisenthal & Cornish-Bowden · 1974 Gould-White mental map Peter Gould and Rodney White · 1974 HIPO chart IBM (internal); published by J. F. Stay · 1974-1976 Mind map Tony Buzan (popularised); radial forms far older · 1974 Weathervane plot Attribution unverified · 1974 Ecomap Ann Hartman · 1975-1978 Event tree Reactor Safety Study team under Norman Rasmussen · 1975 Fagan nomogram Terrence Fagan · 1975 Jackson structure diagram Michael Anthony Jackson · 1975 Rumack-Matthew nomogram Rumack & Matthew · 1975 Syntax (railroad) diagram Popularised by Niklaus Wirth with Kathleen Jensen · 1975 Whittaker biome diagram Robert Harding Whittaker · 1975 Entity-relationship diagram Peter Pin-Shan Chen · 1976 QAPF double-triangle diagram Albert Streckeisen · 1976 Warnier-Orr diagram Jean-Dominique Warnier and Kenneth Orr (independently) · 1976 Back-to-back stem-and-leaf display John Wilder Tukey · 1977 Dot-box tally John W. Tukey · 1977 Grime CSR triangle John Philip Grime · 1977 Median polish John Wilder Tukey · 1977 Resistant line John Wilder Tukey · 1977 Stem-and-leaf display John W. Tukey · 1977 Notched box plot Robert McGill, John Wilder Tukey and Wayne A. Larsen · 1978 Isovist Michael Benedikt · 1979 QFL provenance diagram William R. Dickinson and Christopher A. Suczek · 1979 Seven new QC tools JUSE committee including Shigeru Mizuno · 1979 Association plot Ayala Cohen; extended by Michael Friendly · 1980 Plutchik wheel of emotions Robert Plutchik · 1980 Scatterplot matrix (draftsman's display) John Wilder Tukey and Paul A. Tukey · 1981 Trees and castles Kleiner & Hartigan · 1981 Altman sample-size nomogram Douglas G. Altman · 1982 Letter-value display David Caster Hoaglin · 1983 Sieve diagram Riedwyl & Schüpbach · 1983 Axial map and justified graph Bill Hillier and Julienne Hanson · 1984 Funnel plot Richard J. Light and David B. Pillemer · 1984 Market Profile J. Peter Steidlmayer · 1984-1985 Sunflower plot William Swain Cleveland and Robert McGill · 1984 Genogram Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson; concept from Murray Bowen · 1985 Bland-Altman plot John Martin Bland and Douglas Graham Altman · 1986 TAS (total alkali-silica) diagram Maurice John Le Bas, Roger Walter Le Maitre, Albert Streckeisen and Bruno Zanettin · 1986 L'Abbe plot Kristan A. L'Abbe, Allan S. Detsky and Keith O'Rourke · 1987 Galbraith radial plot Rex F. Galbraith · 1988 Ashby material selection chart Michael Farries Ashby · 1989 Swimlane diagram Geary A. Rummler and Alan P. Brache · 1990 Fourfold display Michael Friendly · 1994 Value stream map Mike Rother and John Shook · 1998 Date unknown 2